National name: Mongol Uls

President: Nambariin Enkhbayar (2005)

Prime Minister: Miyeegombo Enkhbold (2006)

Total area: 604,247 sq mi (1,565,000 sq km)

Population (2006 est.): 2,832,224 (growth rate: 1.5%); birth rate: 21.6/1000; infant mortality rate: 52.1/1000; life expectancy: 64.9; density per sq mi: 5

Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Ulaan Baatar, 804,200

Monetary unit: Tugrik

Languages: Mongolian, 90%; also Turkic and Russian (1999)

Ethnicity/race: Mongol (predominantly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (of which Kazak is the largest group) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)

Religions: Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Islam 4%, Shamanism and Christian 4%, none 40% (2004)

Literacy rate: 99% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2005 est.): $6.022 billion; per capita $2,200. Real growth rate: 5.5% according to official estimate. Inflation: 9.5%. Unemployment: 6.7% (2003). Arable land: 1%. Agriculture: wheat, barley, vegetables, forage crops; sheep, goats, cattle, camels, horses. Labor force: 1.488 million; herding/agriculture 42%, mining 4%, manufacturing 6%, trade 14%, services 29%, public sector 5% (2003). Industries: construction and construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, and gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal products, cashmere and natural fiber manufacturing. Natural resources: oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, wolfram, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron, phosphate. Exports: $852 million f.o.b. (2004 est.): copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals. Imports: $1.011 billion c.i.f. (2004 est.): machinery and equipment, fuel, cars, food products, industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea. Major trading partners: China, U.S., UK, Russia, Japan, South Korea (2004).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 104,100 (1999); mobile cellular: 110,000 (2001). Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 9, shortwave 4 (2001). Radios: 155,900 (1999). Television broadcast stations: 4 (plus 18 provincial repeaters and many low powered repeaters) (1999). Televisions: 168,800 (1999). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 5 (2001). Internet users: 40,000 (2002).

Transportation: Railways: total: 1,815 km (2002). Highways: total: 49,250 km; paved: 1,724 km; unpaved: 47,526 km (2000). Ports and harbors: none. Airports: 50 (2002).

International disputes: none.


 

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